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The Ultimate Celebration of the Home Cook

by Janet on August 11, 2010

It was Suzanne Doueihy’s turn to take to the stoves at Tawlet.  This unique cooperative-style restaurant in Beirut not only showcases regional Lebanese cuisine, it honors the cook behind the meal.

DSCN0767At Tawlet (”kitchen table” in Arabic), women from various villages in Lebanon are invited to cook traditional foods from their region. Every day it’s a different cook, a different region, a different meal, a different story.

DSCN0817The restaurant is the brainchild of Kamal Mouzawak, the founder of Lebanon’s first farmer’s market Souk el Tayeb — which supports local farmers, artisan food producers and the culture of sustainable agriculture in Lebanon. The New York Times described Kamal as Lebanon’s answer to Alice Waters.  Kamal told The Daily Star:  ”The idea of the market is to remind shoppers that other fellow human beings are behind the production of the food they eat. If you cannot go to the land anymore, at least you can have a link to the producer … so people are not just buying lettuce, they are buying Abu Rabieh’s lettuce.”

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This one-time TV chef, food writer and former board member of the Slow Food movement has become a local food hero in Lebanon and his growing celebrity status was evident by the attention he drew in Tawlet’s charming dining room — which by no accident features communal tables where Muslims and Christians unite over the sharing of a home-inspired meal that was prepared with love.  Kamal’s basic message is to “make food, not war.”    He believes that in a country that’s been divided along ethnic and religious lines for decades of conflict, the common act of shopping and enjoying the same foods begins to erase those invisible barriers.  “Nothing can bring people together as much as the land and food,” he said.

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DSCN0809I had read about Tawlet and was eager to experience it myself during our vacation in Lebanon.  I was thrilled to have a chance to sit down with Kamal and enjoy the amazing “producer’s buffet” prepared by Suzanne Doueihy, a Christian Maronite from Zgharta in Ehden, a mountain village in northern Lebanon that we passed through earlier in the week on our way to visit the famous Cedars of Lebanon — a forest of 2,000 year-old trees that have played a vital role in history. Her name and village topped the chalk board menu that outlined the day’s offerings.

One of the dishes that Suzanne prepared was stuffed grape leaves (Warak Trish bi Lahmeh).  She had spent hours rolling these Lebanese delicacies at home prior to the final preparations in the restaurant.

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I was fortunate to get a taste from Suzanne just as she was putting the completed dish on the buffet table.

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Suzanne’s mountainside village is known for its kibbeh and she prepared two versions, Kibbeh Nayeh (raw) and Kibbeh bi Labneh (with yogurt).  The Kibbeh Nayeh is similar to a pate in texture and steak tartare in flavor.

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Suzanne and her husband proudly served the Kibbeh Nayeh to the eager restaurant patrons — adding a drizzle of olive oil, a sprig of fresh mint and a wedge of white onion to the plates.  I was so touched by their immense sense of pride and the obvious joy they felt when sharing their food, telling their stories.  DSCN0778

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Kibbeh bi Labneh was something new to me.  This traditional dish of ground lamb was filled with a layer of yogurt and pine nuts.  It was baked in a large bread oven that gets extremely hot to help the top layer of meat get brown and crispy. The individual portions are cut into diagonal shapes.

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Lucky for me, the buffet also featured freekeh — an amazing green wheat that’s been picked young in the field and then roasted.  I love the smoky taste of freekeh and I’m convinced that it will be the next big whole grain in the U.S. (see my previous post  Freekeh, The New Quinoa?). Freekeh is sold crushed or whole (bags of the grain were available for purchase at the restaurant, along with other artisan food products). Our dish was made with whole freekeh that had been stewed for hours with meat and carrots.

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DSCN0766The buffet also featured savory vegetable pies Fatayer Homayda that were filled with a variety of seasonal greens.  Suzanne’s village is known for folding the dough in this particular way that’s become a signature shape of the region.

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I also tried Mujadara, a hearty mountain meal of rice, lentils and caramelized onions.

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Nestled among the buffet items was a beautiful combination of lebneh (yogurt) topped with olive oil, white cheese and tomato jam.

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And there was a stunning dessert table with Othmaliye, a layered dessert topped with rose petals and crushed pistachios…

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And a spiced rice pudding called Meghli, which is traditionally made to serve well wishers after the birth of a child.

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The ambitious display of food was aided by Tawlet’s chef Garo who  prepares about half of the items on the day’s menu (typically the salads and other core items).  The featured villager or producer is in charge of the rest — often preparing foods from their own farms. DSCN0791

Garo also works with the designated cook of the day to plan the menu (which changes daily) and ensures that the home cooks follow strict food safety guidelines.  As you can imagine, there’s a lot of planning  and coordination to pull off this authentic farm-to-table, rural-to-urban dining experience.

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Tawlet is not like any Lebanese restaurant you may visit in the states.  This is home-style Lebanese food, not the flagship hummus and tabbouleh that most people know.  This is Teta or grandmother food, it’s rural or village food.  And it’s about  family recipes that are at  risk of being lost in modern-day Lebanon, which is not immune to the popularity of fast food and other Western influences. Kamal is helping to reconnect the Lebanese with their increasingly neglected cultural heritage.  He’s championing authentic “home made” Lebanese dishes and he’s making it trendy.  He’s helping to preserve Lebanese food traditions and honoring the contributions of Tetas every where.  To me, this is the ultimate celebration of the home cook.

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Kamal told me Tawlet is much more than a restaurant — it’s a human development project. He’s lifting the image of a farmer as a artisan producer. He’s helping to support small food producers throughout the country and offering new venues for them to make a living (including teaching cooking lessons that are offered at the restaurant in the afternoon).  The rural producers make a significant daily wage for their work and have new opportunities to sell their food to city dwellers.  But beyond the financial rewards, I can tell that they gain so much more.  They’re helping to safeguard Lebanon’s culinary heritage.  They’re proud of the contributions they’re making to the next generation.

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What are we doing to preserve culinary traditions in the U.S. ? Yes, we’ve embraced the concept of farmer’s markets (and I even wrote about how farmers are the new celebrity chefs).  But what are we doing to preserve home cooking?  How are we honoring the contributions of American home cooks?   We may not have centuries-old recipes, but what are we doing to keep regional food traditions alive?  Are we losing the art of a home-baked pie?  Are we not passing on our grandmother’s recipes?  Something to think about.

Read about what other people had to say about  Tawlet, which is a must stop if you’re traveling to Lebanon:

Anthony Bourdain
Taste of Beirut

New York Times
My Culinary Journey Through Lebanon

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It’s a Freekeh Friday

by Janet on February 12, 2010

Freekeh WholegrainI’m back again talking about freekeh.  I know I just wrote about this ancient grain — a unique roasted green wheat that’s native of the Middle East.  But I just had to tell you more.

Since my original post last week, I’ve been in touch with the Australian company Greenwheat Freekeh because I had so many unanswered questions about freekeh — which was an unknown grain that has suddenly taken the country by storm. 

As I wrote earlier, freekeh is emerging as a major trend — it’s showing up on the menus of trendy New York hot spots, praised by celeb-chef Jamie Oliver as his favorite new superfood, and is now available at Trader Joe’s (certainly one indication that this grain is going mainstream).

Indeed, freekeh  may be the next quinoa. which I think currently owns the top spot among the ancient grains.  In my previous post, I was baffled by the claim that freekeh is gluten-free.  How could this be?  Freekeh is wheat — and the protein content of freekeh is even higher than what you’ll find in mature grains of wheat.  Gluten is the protein in wheat.  What gives?

I struck up an email correspondence with the kind folks at Greenwheat Freekeh — which turns out to be the largest global distributors of freekeh. In fact, they say they’re the only company in the world to develop the necessary technology to harvest the soft green wheat using a proprietary modern factory.    This Australian company is also investing in a ton of research on the grain.

It turns out that there may be something to the gluten-free claim.  The company won’t go as far to say that freekeh is void of gluten (or safe for celiacs), but there’s something unique about the immaturity of the wheat when it’s harvested.  The roasting also seems to “denature” the gluten, the company’s managing director Toni Lufti told me.

“Freekeh is not gluten free.  However, because freekeh is harvested early and is subjected to a high temperature burning process, the gluten in the grain is ‘denatured.’  Some research in the Ukraine (not yet published) makes the claim that freekeh is ‘free from normal gluten.’ We are also aware of many people who are allergic to wheat and gluten who have consumed freekeh without either adverse or allergic reaction but this is NOT scientific evidence and Greenwheat Freekeh does not make any such claim….If freekeh is ever proven to be OK for consumption by celiacs, it will be one of the best discoveries ever.”

I find that rather amazing.  Had no idea.  Other research by the company has shown that the early harvesting of the wheat offers several nutritional advantages. (Click here for the  nutritional attributes of freekeh.) 

  • Freekeh retains more protein, fiber, vitamins and minerals compared to traditionally processed wheat.   Freekeh contains four times the fiber content of brown rice.
  • Unlike mature grains, freekeh is rich in lutein and zeaxathin — important phytonutrients for eye health. 
  • The grain also appears to act as a prebiotic, fueling the growth of healthy bacteria in our digestive tract.
  • Additionally, freekeh is considered to have a low glycemic index and is high in “resistant starch,” which is a hot area of research right now.  Some studies indicate that resistant starch (which acts more like a fiber than a carbohydrate) may play a role in weight management. 

And someone who may attest to the weight management benefits of freekeh is Bonnie Matthews, who lost  130 pounds eating Greenwheat Freekeh.  She talked about her journey on the Dr. Oz show, and is now featured on his web site as a “wellness warrior.”  You’ll find some of her freekeh recipes on the site.

Here’s a collection of other freekeh recipes to try:

Freekeh Salad

Freekeh Salad

This young, green grain is not only a nutrient powerhouse, it appears to be truly “green” as well.  Tony Lutfi at Greenwheat Freekeh told me…

“…producing green grains is better for farmers and the environment.  In the case of the farmer, it reduces risk (no need to worry about end of season rain, too much rain or not enough for the grain to finish) and reduces costs (no need to spray chemicals to avoid end of season pests and in some cases no need for fertilizers).  All of this means better margins for the farmer and a healthier environment.”

Tony told me the company is attempting to transfer their production technology to the U.S.  I’m certainly looking forward to that!  For now, it looks like the U.S. distributor for Greenwheat Freekeh is Ceres Organic Harvest, Inc. based in St. Paul.    You can also find varieties of freekeh in natural food stores and Middle Eastern markets.  Although Tony told me that Greenwheat Freekeh is guaranteed to be 100% natural with no additives or preservatives, and processed using very high standards.  He said traditional production (used in the Middle East) may result in grains contaminated with stones — that’s why many of the traditional recipes call for careful rinsing of freekeh. 

I hope you’ll see if you can find freekeh in your area and let me know what you think.  Would love to have you send me your freekeh recipes too!

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Ancient grains are now basking in the limelight — fueled by several forces that have created a perfect storm for the growing popularity of these hot “new” grains, including the demand for whole grains, plant-based entrees and gluten-free options.  Quinoa seems to be the current darling with amaranth, buckwheat, kamut, millet, sorghum and teff all competing for attention.

My new favorite is Freekeh.  I recently discovered this grain (pronounced “free-kah”) and I’m a huge fan. Dating back to ancient times (even mentioned in biblical texts), freekeh is a roasted green wheat that has a unique smoky aroma and a nutty, toasted taste.

IMG_0233Freekeh is native of Lebanon, Jordan, Syria and Egypt.  In fact, my Lebanese mother-in-law told me she remembered seeing the large puffs of smoke in the horizon when fields of wheat were being burned.  Yes, the grain is burned.  That’s what makes it so unique.

The wheat is harvested young (still considered “green” ) when the grains are soft and full of moisture. Then it’s dried  in the sun before being placed over an open fire for several minutes of roasting — during which the straw and chaff burn and the wheat obtains a dark gold color.   The grains are then polished and cracked. You can find more information about the history of freekeh and how its made at  Slow Food in Lebanon and CliffordAWright.com.  The name freekeh is derived from the Arabic word al-freek, which means “what is rubbed” referring to the rubbing of the wheat grains to rid them of their shells.

Freekeh is a smoky cousin to bulgur wheat, which I also frequently use to make savory pilafs and other side dishes.  It’s like a cross between brown rice and barley.  I found boxes of freekeh at the Middle Eastern markets in Chicago.  But now Trader Joe’s carries packets of a pre-cooked variety called Greenwheat Freekeh, and I’m sure it will be appearing soon on other supermarket shelves.  Some natural foods stores may also carry it.

The Village Voice thinks freekeh may be the next big grain.  Chef Jamie Oliver calls freekeh his new favorite superfood. And it was mentioned in a New York Times review of the East Village restaurant Northern Spy Food Company. Chef Nathan Foot makes a freekeh risotto that’s described as a “hippie mac-and-cheese.”  Love that.

The taste of freekeh is superb, but I also love its nutrition profile.  This is a high-fiber, high-protein grain that is more nutrient-rich IMG_0234compared to many other grains.  There’s something about being harvested while the durum wheat is still young that makes it such a nutrient powerhouse.  Take a look at the nutrition information of freekah (including how it stacks up to other grains), or here’s the nutrition information for the Trader Joe’s Greenwheat Freekah.  In some articles you’ll see freekeh getting credit for being gluten-free, but that’s not the case.  This is a wheat product, and wheat is the major source of gluten in our diets.  Just because it was harvested young, doesn’t mean the gluten isn’t developed.   So I would not say this was safe for people with celiac, or those following a gluten-free diet.

Freekeh can used in place of couscous or rice, added into soups and casseroles, or even eaten like a hot cereal for breakfast.  In Lebanon, it’s often served topped with chicken and toasted pine nuts.   You can find a lot of different recipes at Greenwheat Freekah, a major distributor of the ancient grain in Australia.  Or check out some of these other fantastic-looking freekeh recipes:

Freekeh Salad with Sweet Potato and Preserved Lemon
Sorrel-Freekeh Tabouli
Mediterranean Polenta with Freekeh
Roasted Green Wheat with Chicken (Freekeh ma’djej)
Freekeh with Chicken
Fried Freekah
Green Freekah Vegetable Pilaf

MimiCooks features an authentic Lebanese recipe with freekeh, along with this great instructional video:

The version of freekeh I made recently included chickpeas and toasted pine nuts with lots of cumin and seven spices, a wonderful Lebanese spice mixture.

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I encourage you to check out freekeh, and let me know what you think!

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