From the category archives:

Whole Grains

New Tasty Ways to Get Your Whole Grains

by Janet on May 4, 2012

Did you know that 9 out of 10 Americans fall short of daily whole grain recommendations? There are lots of reasons why it’s important to make at least half your grains whole — from helping to fight heart disease and diabetes to promoting a healthy weight.

It’s easier than ever to get your whole grains with the wider availability of whole-grain breads, pastas, snacks and other products on the market. Some tasty new whole-grain items made Prevention’s list of the healthiest and most delicious packaged foods of 2012.  Wanted to share a few with you.

For side dishes and salads, I typically prefer whole grains like farro, bulgur and quinoa, instead of couscous and orzo (which are pastas instead of grains), but I liked these whole-wheat versions. rice-select-orzo

RiceSelect Whole Wheat Orzo

This may look like rice, but it’s the Italian pasta orzo (which means “barley” in Italian).  Made from whole durum flour, this light 100% whole-wheat pasta cooks in just 8-10 minutes.  Try is as a satisfying side dish (9 g fiber per serving) or use it as a base for Mediterranean-style pasta salad.    [riceselect.com $7.29]

bobs-red-mill-pearl-couscousBob’s Red Mill Whole Wheat Pearl Couscous

Also known as Israeli couscous, this larger-style couscous is rarely sold in a whole grain form. It’s much easier to find smaller grain whole-wheat couscous; for instance, RiceSelect sells a whole-wheat couscous.  The pearl style as a chewier taste, and I’m sure this whole-wheat version would have a satisfying bite.  I’m eager to try it. A 1/3 cup serving contains 190 calories, 5 g fiber and 7 g protein.  [bobsredmill.com $3.99]

365-organic-rice-lentil-medley365 Rice and Lentil Medley

This brown and wild rice medley is studded with green and red lentils, which adds a lot of protein, fiber and folate.  This would make a great swap for white rice or convenient, nutrient-rich addition to soups and stews. [wholefoodsmarket.com $3.99]

Popcorn is a super whole-grain snack, but here are two other options that received one of the 26 Prevention Healthy Food Awards for 2012.

KIND-peanut-butter-granola

KIND Healthy Grains Peanut Butter Whole Grain Clusters

“You’d be forgiven for treating all granola-like snacks with a ‘been there, done that’ attitude, but we’re glad we checked our preconceptions at the door when we tried these,” according to the Prevention review.  “Packed with whole grains like amaranth, quinoa, and millet, KIND’s grains are also gluten-free! Each crunchy cluster has the perfect hint of peanut butter without overwhelming you with a sugar (or salt) rush. And unlike other granolas filled with fat and sugar, these contain just 3.5 g of fat per serving and 5 g of sugar. We liked it with nut milk, or by the handful as a filling snack.”  [kindsnacks.com $5.99-6.29]

marys-chipotle-tomato-gluten-free-pretzels

Mary’s Gone Crackers Chipotle Tomato Pretzels

Made with a mix of brown rice, quinoa, flax, and sesame seeds, this is not your typical pretzel. One 150-calorie serving adds 4 g of fiber and protein to your daily total, and the chipotle powder gives these bites a burst of south-of-the-border flavor without jacking up the sodium content. [marysgonecrackers.com $4.75]

Breakfast is an ideal time to get your whole grains.  In fact, if you skip whole grains in the morning, you won’t likely make up for the shortage by the end of the day.  I’m especially fond of oatmeal, so I was intrigued to see this award for frozen steel cut oats oatmeal.   gfms-steel-cut-oats

Good Food Made Simple Unsweetened 100% Steel Cut Oats

Here’s what the editors of  Prevention had to say:  “Since steel cut oats typically take 30 minutes to prepare properly, we love this as the ultimate convenience food: It’s pre-cooked, flash-frozen, and can be defrosted in just 3 minutes. Plus, there are no preservatives or artificial flavors: just filtered water, whole grain oats, and sea salt. Spruce up yours with a spoonful of nut butter, a sprinkling of nuts, or chopped fresh fruit.” [goodfoodmadesimple.com $2.50-3.29]

Have you tried any of these products?  What are some of your favorite ways to get your whole grains?

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The Art of Eating Clean

by Janet on January 16, 2011

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I’ve enjoyed getting to know Terry Walters, well, at least virtually at this point.  We’re planning to meet in person some time next month in Chicago.  Terry is the author of  Clean Food and the newly released Clean Start – two beautiful books that were designed by a terrific Chicago graphic design firm MacKenzie Brown Design. In fact, it was my friend Andy Brown who helped make the virtual introduction.  He’s quite proud of the books and is a big fan of Terry’s work.  I can see why.  Thanks for sending me the book.

There’s one amazing recipe after another in Clean Start.  I love how the book is organized seasonally.  The emphasis is on whole, local foods — especially the foods we need more of, including whole grains, fresh produce and healthy fats. There are two winter recipes that I have my eye on.  I haven’t made yet, but thought you might be interested in trying too.  They both contain some of the trendy ingredients that I predict will be big in 2011 — squashes, ancient grains and bitter greens.  Reprinted with permission from Clean Start © by Terry Walters, Sterling Epicure, an imprint of Sterling Publishing Co., Inc.  Photography by Gentl & Hyers.  Design by MacKenzie Brown Design.

French Lentils with Roasted Roots, Caramelized Onions and Thyme

French Lentils w Roasted Roots_p148

Lentils are a perfect complement to winter’s colorful and sweet roots and squashes. Not only are they a great source of protein, but their somewhat earthy and savory taste enhances a variety of winter meals.  Although there are three main steps required to make this recipe, the prep time is minimal.  This dish goes great with sauteed mustard greens, kale or collards.

1 rutabaga, peeled and diced
1 celeriac (celery root), peeled and diced
4 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil
3/4 cup dry French lentils
3 cups vegetable stock or water
Sea salt
4 tablespoons lemon juice
1 large red onion, diced
4 cups thinly sliced mushrooms (variety of choice), about 1 pound
1 tablespoon mirin
2 tablespoons fresh thyme leaves, minced
Chopped fresh parsley

Preheat oven to 400°F.

Place rutabaga and celeriac in 8 x 8 baking dish, drizzle with 2 tablespoons olive oil and roast 20 minutes. Remove from oven and toss.  Return to oven and roast an additional 20 minutes or until soft.  Remove from oven and set aside.

While vegetables are roasting, rinse lentils and place in pot with vegetable stock and a pinch of salt.  Bring to boil, reduce heat, cover and simmer until just tender (about 20 minutes).  Remove from heat and drain well.  Toss with 1 tablespoon oil and 1 tablespoon lemon juice and set aside.

In large skillet over medium heat, saute onion in remaining tablespoon olive oil until it starts to brown (5-7 minutes).  Add mushrooms and mirin and continue sauteing.  Add remaining 3 tablespoons lemon juice 1 tablespoon at a time to deglaze and caramelize vegetables.  Add thyme and saute 2 minutes longer, for a total saute time of 12-14 minutes.  Fold in lentils and roasted vegetables and saute to heat through.  Season to taste with salt, toss with parsley and serve.

SERVES 6

Deep Dish Greens with Millet Amaranth Crust

Deep Dish Greens with Millet Amaranth Crust_p144-2

I thought this was an interesting combination of kale and frozen vegetables that’s topped with a whole-grain crust. And the photo is gorgeous. In the book, Terry writes: When my children were young, I made this one-dish meal with frozen veggies and a more traditional pie crust.  As they became more adventurous eaters, I added more dark leafy greens, and eventually exchanged the crust for this hearty whole-grain topping.  I’m not sure my family even remembers the original version, but they definitely love what it has become.

Topping
3/4 cup combined millet and amaranth
2 cups vegetable stock
1/4 teaspoon sea salt
2 tablespoons chopped fresh parsley
Freshly ground black pepper
Extra virgin olive oil

Filling
1 medium yellow onion, chopped
1 tablespoon grapeseed oil
3 carrots, chopped
1 1/2 cups frozen peas
1 1/2 cups frozen corn
2 tablespoons mirin
1 bunch kale, chopped
1 bunch collard greens, chopped
1 cup water
2 tablespoons tamari
1 tablespoon arrowroot powder

Place millet and amaranth in pot or rice cooker with vegetable stock and salt.  Bring to boil, cover, reduce heat and simmer until all liquid is absorbed.  Remove from heat and set aside.  In large Dutch oven over medium heat, saute onion in oil 3 minutes or until soft.  Add carrots, peas and corn and continue sauteing to heat through.  Add mirin, fold in kale and collards, and saute until tender and bright green.  In small mixing bowl, whisk together water, tamari and arrowroot.  Pour over vegetables, stir until sauce starts to thicken and remove from heat.  Transfer to pie plate or casserole and set aside.

Turn on broiler.  When grains are done, fold in dried parsley and season to taste with salt and plenty of black pepper.  Stir to combine and spread evenly over vegetables.  Drizzle with olive oil and broil 5 minutes to yield a creamy grain topping with a crisp crust.  Remove from oven and serve hot.

SERVES 4

Variation:  Substitute polenta for grains and 1 1/2 cups chopped tomatoes with their juices for 1 cup water and tamari.

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IMG_0868Whole grains.  Everyone knows how important they are.  Studies link whole grains to a reduced risk of heart disease, diabetes and cancer.  There’s also evidence that whole grains can help you manage your weight.

Yet when you mention whole grains, most people tend to think about breads and cereals. That’s true.  These foods are probably the most obvious sources of whole grains — yet the amounts they actually contain can vary greatly.  Beyond breads and cereals, an increasingly number of foods boast about whole grains.  It’s become the new marketing buzz word.  Although not all of these foods are reliable sources. Just take a look at the latest issue of  CSPI’s Nutrition Action Healthletter that reveals “whole grain finds and frauds.”

The best sources of whole grains are — no surprise — whole grains. Trouble is, many people have no clue how to cook whole grains. Often, their first attempt is brown rice and they might be turned off by the gummy, porridge-like results, said Tucker Bunch, a chef instructor at the Culinary Institute of America at Greystone.  I recently had the opportunity to take a whole grains workshop with Tucker at the CIA’s Healthy Kitchens, Healthy Lives conference that was co-sponsored by Harvard Medical School.

It was eye opening.  I’ve always been a lover of grains, but I think my range was limited.  Yes, I regularly make bulgur, quinoa and whole-grain couscous (actually a pasta) — but I didn’t really go beyond that and my preparation methods were typically the same.  Lately I’ve been experimenting with freekeh, which was actually a new grain for my instructor Tucker.  I was thrilled I got to teach him something new!  But I learned so much from Tucker about cooking whole grains.

For starters, he said there are three important things to keep in mind when cooking whole grains:

1.  Use the right proportion of liquid –  people often use too much liquid, it’s not always a 3:1 ratio like we might use to prepare rice (too much liquid can make for gummy grains)
2.  Use a flavorful liquid instead of simply water  — such as chicken stock, vegetable broth, juice and wine
3.  Parch or toast the grains in a little oil before cooking — helps build flavor, brings out a sweet nutty taste (I haven’t been doing this and now I’m hooked)

IMG_0873At the start of the class, Tucker demonstrated the Mediterranean Grain Medley (left) that featured farro and quinoa, along with crimini mushrooms, fennel, fava beans and cherry tomatoes.  He  then showed how the grains could be transformed into other dishes: topped with roasted chicken for a main entree, stuffed into a whole wheat  pita with tzatziki sauce, or added to leafy green salad.   After his demonstration, we put on our own chef hats and aprons to make the following whole grain dishes (recipes are included at the end).  Believe me, they were all so easy to make and incredibly delicious.   I liked each one, but I think my favorite was the farro and cannellini bean salad.  The crispy prosciutto added a unique flavor and enticing crunch, and the strips of dried plums provided just the right amount of sweetness.

Seven Grain Kashi and Bean Salad with Grilled Shrimp, Mint, Red Onion, Roasted Peppers and Harissa Vinaigrette

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Mediterranean Grain Medley Topped with Roast Chicken and Tzatziki

IMG_0894Warm Farro and Cannellini Bean Salad With Dried Plums and Crispy Prosciutto

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Warm Farro and Cannellini Bean Salad with Dried Plums and Prosciutto

2-1/2 cups farro or soft-wheat berries, fully cooked (use 2:1 ratio of liquid when cooking)
3 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil
2 oz. prosciutto, cut into thin strips
2 carrots, small, peeled, halved lengthwise, thinly sliced
3 stalks celery, thinly sliced on the bias
1/2 teaspoon fennel seed, crushed
1/4 teaspoon salt
1/4 teaspoon red pepper flakes
1 can cannellini beans, drained and rinsed
3/4 cup dried plums, cut in strips
1/2 cup flat-leaf parsley, coarsely chopped

In a large saute pan, heat oil over medium-low heat.  Add prosciutto and cook, stirring frequently, about 5 minutes or until crisp.  Remove with slotted spoon and drain on paper towel.  Add carrots, celery, fennel seed, salt and pepper flakes to the rendered oil in the saute pan.  Cook 5 minutes, stirring frequently, until the vegetables are cooked al dente.  Add cooked farro (or could substitute barley or another whole grain), beans and dried plums.  Cook, stirring gently, until heated through.  To serve, mound on platter, sprinkle parsley and crumbled prosciutto on top.  Makes 6 portions. [click to continue…]

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It’s a Freekeh Friday

by Janet on February 12, 2010

Freekeh WholegrainI’m back again talking about freekeh.  I know I just wrote about this ancient grain — a unique roasted green wheat that’s native of the Middle East.  But I just had to tell you more.

Since my original post last week, I’ve been in touch with the Australian company Greenwheat Freekeh because I had so many unanswered questions about freekeh — which was an unknown grain that has suddenly taken the country by storm. 

As I wrote earlier, freekeh is emerging as a major trend — it’s showing up on the menus of trendy New York hot spots, praised by celeb-chef Jamie Oliver as his favorite new superfood, and is now available at Trader Joe’s (certainly one indication that this grain is going mainstream).

Indeed, freekeh  may be the next quinoa. which I think currently owns the top spot among the ancient grains.  In my previous post, I was baffled by the claim that freekeh is gluten-free.  How could this be?  Freekeh is wheat — and the protein content of freekeh is even higher than what you’ll find in mature grains of wheat.  Gluten is the protein in wheat.  What gives?

I struck up an email correspondence with the kind folks at Greenwheat Freekeh — which turns out to be the largest global distributors of freekeh. In fact, they say they’re the only company in the world to develop the necessary technology to harvest the soft green wheat using a proprietary modern factory.    This Australian company is also investing in a ton of research on the grain.

It turns out that there may be something to the gluten-free claim.  The company won’t go as far to say that freekeh is void of gluten (or safe for celiacs), but there’s something unique about the immaturity of the wheat when it’s harvested.  The roasting also seems to “denature” the gluten, the company’s managing director Toni Lufti told me.

“Freekeh is not gluten free.  However, because freekeh is harvested early and is subjected to a high temperature burning process, the gluten in the grain is ‘denatured.’  Some research in the Ukraine (not yet published) makes the claim that freekeh is ‘free from normal gluten.’ We are also aware of many people who are allergic to wheat and gluten who have consumed freekeh without either adverse or allergic reaction but this is NOT scientific evidence and Greenwheat Freekeh does not make any such claim….If freekeh is ever proven to be OK for consumption by celiacs, it will be one of the best discoveries ever.”

I find that rather amazing.  Had no idea.  Other research by the company has shown that the early harvesting of the wheat offers several nutritional advantages. (Click here for the  nutritional attributes of freekeh.) 

  • Freekeh retains more protein, fiber, vitamins and minerals compared to traditionally processed wheat.   Freekeh contains four times the fiber content of brown rice.
  • Unlike mature grains, freekeh is rich in lutein and zeaxathin — important phytonutrients for eye health. 
  • The grain also appears to act as a prebiotic, fueling the growth of healthy bacteria in our digestive tract.
  • Additionally, freekeh is considered to have a low glycemic index and is high in “resistant starch,” which is a hot area of research right now.  Some studies indicate that resistant starch (which acts more like a fiber than a carbohydrate) may play a role in weight management. 

And someone who may attest to the weight management benefits of freekeh is Bonnie Matthews, who lost  130 pounds eating Greenwheat Freekeh.  She talked about her journey on the Dr. Oz show, and is now featured on his web site as a “wellness warrior.”  You’ll find some of her freekeh recipes on the site.

Here’s a collection of other freekeh recipes to try:

Freekeh Salad

Freekeh Salad

This young, green grain is not only a nutrient powerhouse, it appears to be truly “green” as well.  Tony Lutfi at Greenwheat Freekeh told me…

“…producing green grains is better for farmers and the environment.  In the case of the farmer, it reduces risk (no need to worry about end of season rain, too much rain or not enough for the grain to finish) and reduces costs (no need to spray chemicals to avoid end of season pests and in some cases no need for fertilizers).  All of this means better margins for the farmer and a healthier environment.”

Tony told me the company is attempting to transfer their production technology to the U.S.  I’m certainly looking forward to that!  For now, it looks like the U.S. distributor for Greenwheat Freekeh is Ceres Organic Harvest, Inc. based in St. Paul.    You can also find varieties of freekeh in natural food stores and Middle Eastern markets.  Although Tony told me that Greenwheat Freekeh is guaranteed to be 100% natural with no additives or preservatives, and processed using very high standards.  He said traditional production (used in the Middle East) may result in grains contaminated with stones — that’s why many of the traditional recipes call for careful rinsing of freekeh. 

I hope you’ll see if you can find freekeh in your area and let me know what you think.  Would love to have you send me your freekeh recipes too!

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Ancient grains are now basking in the limelight — fueled by several forces that have created a perfect storm for the growing popularity of these hot “new” grains, including the demand for whole grains, plant-based entrees and gluten-free options.  Quinoa seems to be the current darling with amaranth, buckwheat, kamut, millet, sorghum and teff all competing for attention.

My new favorite is Freekeh.  I recently discovered this grain (pronounced “free-kah”) and I’m a huge fan. Dating back to ancient times (even mentioned in biblical texts), freekeh is a roasted green wheat that has a unique smoky aroma and a nutty, toasted taste.

IMG_0233Freekeh is native of Lebanon, Jordan, Syria and Egypt.  In fact, my Lebanese mother-in-law told me she remembered seeing the large puffs of smoke in the horizon when fields of wheat were being burned.  Yes, the grain is burned.  That’s what makes it so unique.

The wheat is harvested young (still considered “green” ) when the grains are soft and full of moisture. Then it’s dried  in the sun before being placed over an open fire for several minutes of roasting — during which the straw and chaff burn and the wheat obtains a dark gold color.   The grains are then polished and cracked. You can find more information about the history of freekeh and how its made at  Slow Food in Lebanon and CliffordAWright.com.  The name freekeh is derived from the Arabic word al-freek, which means “what is rubbed” referring to the rubbing of the wheat grains to rid them of their shells.

Freekeh is a smoky cousin to bulgur wheat, which I also frequently use to make savory pilafs and other side dishes.  It’s like a cross between brown rice and barley.  I found boxes of freekeh at the Middle Eastern markets in Chicago.  But now Trader Joe’s carries packets of a pre-cooked variety called Greenwheat Freekeh, and I’m sure it will be appearing soon on other supermarket shelves.  Some natural foods stores may also carry it.

The Village Voice thinks freekeh may be the next big grain.  Chef Jamie Oliver calls freekeh his new favorite superfood. And it was mentioned in a New York Times review of the East Village restaurant Northern Spy Food Company. Chef Nathan Foot makes a freekeh risotto that’s described as a “hippie mac-and-cheese.”  Love that.

I adore the taste of freekeh, but I also love its nutrition profile.  This is a high-fiber, high-protein grain that is more nutrient-rich IMG_0234compared to many other grains.  There’s something about being harvested while the durum wheat is still young that makes it such a nutrient powerhouse.  Take a look at the nutrition information of freekah (including how it stacks up to other grains), or here’s the nutrition information for the Trader Joe’s Greenwheat Freekah.  In some articles you’ll see freekeh getting credit for being gluten-free, but that’s not the case.  This is a wheat product, and wheat is the major source of gluten in our diets.  However, there’s some evidence that because the grain was harvested young, the gluten may not be fully  developed.  And the roasting process may be a factor too.  But it’s unsure if freekeh is safe for people with celiac, or those following a gluten-free diet.

Freekeh can used in place of couscous or rice, added into soups and casseroles, or even eaten like a hot cereal for breakfast.  In Lebanon, it’s often served topped with chicken and toasted pine nuts.   You can find a lot of different recipes at Greenwheat Freekah, a major distributor of the ancient grain in Australia.  Or check out some of these other fantastic-looking freekeh recipes:

Freekeh Salad with Sweet Potato and Preserved Lemon
Sorrel-Freekeh Tabouli
Mediterranean Polenta with Freekeh
Roasted Green Wheat with Chicken (Freekeh ma’djej)
Freekeh with Chicken
Fried Freekah
Green Freekah Vegetable Pilaf

MimiCooks features an authentic Lebanese recipe with freekeh, along with this great instructional video:

The version of freekeh I made recently included chickpeas and toasted pine nuts with lots of cumin and seven spices, a wonderful Lebanese spice mixture.

IMG_0240

I encourage you to check out freekeh, and let me know what you think!

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Food Trend Update: The Fiber Free-For-All

by Janet on September 16, 2009

6a010536e3fd46970c011168528c33970c-320wiThe fiber floodgates have opened wide. Have you noticed?  It’s hard to miss the onslaught of new products proudly boasting about fiber on the front of package labels.

The fiber fortification craze was the topic of my article in today’s Chicago Tribune.

Don’t get me wrong.  I’m a big fan of fiber. Research continues to document the multiple health benefits of a high-fiber diet.  And most Americans get only about half the fiber they need (25 to 38 grams per day).

But this is not your mother’s roughage.  The modern approach to fiber is a far cry from stewed prunes or a bowl of bran.  The new high-fiber foods are spiked with isolated fibers — a type of purified powder that differs from the intact fiber that is naturally found in whole grains, fruits and vegetables. These so-called functional fibers (often inulin, polydextrose or resistant maltodextrin ) do not have a grainy or gummy texture, so they allow manufacturers to add fiber into creamy yogurts, clear drinks and other previously fiber-free places.

For my article, I interviewed registered dietitian Joanne Slavin, a University of Minnesota researcher and one of the country’s leading experts on dietary fiber. Slavin has conducted tons of research on whole grains, but she told me the evidence on these isolated fibers is much skimpier: ”This concept might make sense, but it’s less researched.  It’s an up and coming area.”

51qI5a3ZNyL._SL500_AA280_For example, some studies do suggest that inulin (often extracted from chicory root or Jerusalem artichoke) may boost beneficial bacteria in our digestive tract, but there is little or no evidence that this type of fiber helps lower cholesterol or aids regularity.

Other studies suggest eating a lot of fiber can help you control your weight.  But Slavin said this research is linked to people eating high-fiber, lower calorie foods like fruits and vegetables.  The weight loss benefits would not likely apply if you got most of your fiber from calorie-dense foods like chocolate snack bars, toaster pastries and ice cream with added fiber.

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Even so, Slavin said these isolated fibers may help make it easier for people to get more fiber.  “There are a lot more choices to get fiber, and that’s the upside,” she said.  “If fiber doesn’t taste good, people won’t eat it.”

Still, she worries that these new fiber-fortified products may give people an “out.”  She doesn’t want people to think “I’m off the hook” just because they snacked on a cookie or snack bar spiked with fiber.

It’s important to keep your focus on whole grains, fruits and vegetables.  These foods naturally contain fiber along with other health-promoting nutrients.  If you eat three fiber-fortified chocolate bars, you can meet your fiber goal, but it’s not the same as if you eat an abundance of “whole” foods that naturally contain fiber.  So don’t think these new fiber snacks are an equal trade-off.

It’s also a lot easier to overdo it on fiber with some of these dessert-like options.  Your health may not be in danger, but you could pay for it in digestive discomfort.

So bottom line, my message is this:

  • Eat more fiber.  That’s a good thing.
  • Remember that not all fiber is created equal.  Aim for a mixture of different types of fibers.
  • Be picky about the company your fiber keeps.  What else are you getting along with the fiber?
  • Eat fiber-fortified “desserts” in moderation.
  • Get a bulk of your fiber the old-fashioned way.
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